Waterborne Diseases that can be Caused by Polluted Water:

Technically, water is a transparent and nearly colorless chemical substance that is the main constituent of Earth's streams, lakes and oceans and the fluids of the most living organisms. Its chemical formula is H2O,meaning that each of its molecules contains one oxygen and two hydrozen atoms that are connected by covalent bonds.

According to simple formula of humans, water is a crucial need which helps to survive on earth. Without water, not only human but also animals and plants not gonna survive. 

But somewhere, water is so much polluted that is not even drinkable and because of that it can be caused many Waterborne Diseases in Humans.

Here is a list top five waterborne dieases in terms of their incidences worldwide:

1.Diarrhoea (Most common one)

Diarrhoea is defined by the world organisation as having three or more loose liquid stools per day, or a having more stools than is normal for that person. This dieases spreads through food and drinking water that has been contaminated and can last upto two modestamounts of salts and zinc tablets are one of the best remedies to relinqish the biody fluids of the infected person.

2. Malaria

Malaria is an often fatal disease spread by the Plasmodium parasite mosquito that breeds in water bodies like lakes, paddy, fish ponds and stagnant water and can kill those with a weak immunity. The causal protozoan of malaria are carried by the female Anopheles mosquito. The symptoms of the disease start appearing after about eight to twenty five days of infection and include headache, fever, muscular fatigue and pain, back pain, dry cough, nausea and vomiting, spleen enlargement and chills and excessive sweating. Malaria can be treated with anti-malarial medications given orally or through vaccinations.

 3. Typhoid fever

Typhoid is known by numerous names such as gastric fever, abdominal typhus, infantile remittant fever, slow fever, nervous fever and pythogenic fever.The bacterium that causes typhoid fever may be spread through poor hygiene habits and public sanitation conditions, and sometimes also by flying insects feeding on feces. characterised by fluctuating high fever,headache, constipation, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, abdominal rashes, exhaustion, sleepiness, diarrhoea, etc- spreads through contaminated food and water or via close contact with an infected person. The fever generally continues to peak for three weeks and then gradually subsids by the fourth and the fifth week.

 4. Cholera

Cholera is characterised by muscle cramps, vomiting and diarrhoea. Being dirrheal in nature, it can kill the infected person within hours if left unattended. The deadly disease is caused due to ingestion of water infected with the Vibrio Cholerae bacterium and is spread by faecal contamination of food and water. It can very quickly cause electrolyte imbalance and dehydration of the body tissues and is also known as “Blue Death” because the patient’s skin turns bluish gray due to excessive loss of body fluids and can result in mshifts.uscle cramping and weakness, altered consciousness, seizures, or even coma due to electrolyte losses and ion shifts.

5. Filariasis

It is a parasitic disease caused by , first documented in the 16th centuryby Jan Huyghen van Linschoten, that affects peopkle who live near unsanitary water bodies or sewages and its carriers are black flies and mosquitoes that breed in fresh and stagnant water bodies and are the host of the filarial nematode worm. This worm affects human adversely and leads to elephantitis. This particular disease is symptomised with edema with thickening of the skin and underlying tissues, having a more severe effect on the limbs. Also known as Lymphatic Filariasis, it can be diagnosed in amicrofilaraemic cases based on clinical observations and, in some cases, by finding a circulating antigen in the blood or by identifying microfilarae on a Giemsa stained thick blood film.